Review of the characteristics of a desirable grapevine canopy and effects of excessive or deficient canopy on vine health and fruit quality and yield. The concept of a balanced grapevine will be introduced and consequences of imbalanced addressed. Assessment of canopy vigor will be discussed and methods of canopy management reviewed including shoot thinning, shoot positioning, leaf pulling, and hedging. Methods for estimating crop load will be reviewed and thinning techniques for adjusting yield will be discussed.